In June 2012, one among al-Zawahiri's 4 wives, Umaima Hassan, released a press release on the internet congratulating the role played by Muslim Women of all ages while in the Arab Spring.[forty three] She is usually regarded to have written a leaflet conveying Gals's purpose in jihad.[44]
Even Afghan soldiers are few and far between. Instead, the folks wish to boast about how they keep their own personal protection.[153]
The question now could be if the genie may be put back in the bottle and religious authority reasserted in excess of adolescents seduced by jihadism.
In late 2001, a pc was seized that was stolen from an Business office used by al-Qaeda instantly once the fall of Kabul in November. This Computer system was primarily utilized by al-Zawahiri and contained the fraudulent letter made use of to rearrange the meeting concerning two al-Qaeda attackers posing as journalists and Ahmad Shah Massoud. The journalists who done the interview assassinated Massoud on September 9, 2001.[seventy nine]
In a 2001 mourning ceremony at Moscow to honour the memory of Ahmad Shah Massoud, just one-time foe Colonel Abdul Qadir mentioned: "although Massoud and I was enemies, I am absolutely sure he warrants fantastic regard as an outstanding military services leader and, To begin with, like a patriot of his country".
anxious for her modesty, she "refused to generally be excavated" for the reason that "men would see her facial area" and she or he died website from her injuries the subsequent day. Her son, Mohammad, was also killed outright in exactly the same home. Her 4-12 months-outdated daughter with Down syndrome, Aisha, had not been hurt with the bombing, but died from exposure from the cold night time whilst Afghan rescuers made an effort to help save Azza.[41]
A Palestinian cleric, Azzam had joined the Afghan jihad in 1981 and spent the ten years recruiting internationally for the war. By 1989, he was a dwelling legend and the entire world’s most influential jihadi ideologue.
Based on Mohammed, in return for this data, the Iranian govt paid out al-Zawahiri $two million and aided practice associates of al-Jihad in a coup endeavor that never essentially came about.[ninety three]
This council existed outside the house the Peshawar get-togethers, which were vulnerable to internecine rivalry and bickering, and served to clean out distinctions among resistance groups, due to political and ethnic divisions. it absolutely was the predecessor of what could have grown to be a unified Islamic Afghan army.[42]
[65] In April 1992, resistance leaders in Peshawar tried using to negotiate a settlement. Massoud supported the Peshawar procedure of establishing a broad coalition government inclusive of all resistance events, but Hekmatyar sought to become the only real ruler of Afghanistan, stating, "In our state coalition authorities is unachievable since, in this manner or Yet another, it'll be weak and incapable of stabilizing the problem in Afghanistan."[66]
Al Qaeda in December 2022 unveiled a video it stated was narrated by al-Zawahiri. The online video was undated and didn't mention when the recording with the audio was accomplished.[188] In February 2023, the United Nations described that many member nations thought Saif al-Adel to be the de-facto successor of al-Zawahiri, but al-Qaeda had not formally named him to likely avoid scrutiny from the Taliban for supplying shelter on the latter and as a consequence of al-Adel residing in Iran.[189]
to arrange assist for the mujahideen, Massoud recognized an administrative process that enforced legislation and get (nazm) in parts under his Manage. The Panjshir was divided into 22 bases (qarargah) ruled by a military commander and a civilian administrator, and every experienced a judge, a prosecutor in addition to a general public defender.[49] Massoud's guidelines had been carried out by various committees: an economic committee was charged with funding the war energy.
He and Massoud reached a political settlement, together with another key militia chief, Sayyed Mansour, on the Ismaili Neighborhood located in Baghlan Province. These northern allies consolidated their posture in Mazar-i-Sharif on March 21. Their coalition included 9 provinces inside the north and northeast. As turmoil produced inside of The federal government in Kabul, no federal government power stood concerning the northern allies and the key air drive foundation at Bagram, some seventy kilometers north of Kabul.
The assassination of Massoud is taken into account to have a potent relationship into the September 11 attacks in 2001 on U.S. soil, which killed approximately three,000 men and women. It appeared to have been the major terrorist assault which Massoud had warned in opposition to in his speech to the eu Parliament a number of months previously. Al-Qaeda's motive to the assassination is considered to are already to protected the Taliban's aid of Osama bin Laden once the planned attacks.